The study of ultracold atoms is one of the hottest topics in physics today. This field is unique in the sense that it has great flexibility in experiments for simulating a wide range of systems that are of great importance to many different fields. As a result, this field has been very fast growing, addressing a broad range of fundamental issues crucial in many other fields of physics while at the same time showing great promise in technological applications. As of now, the field of ultracold atoms is highly interdisciplinary, connecting many traditionally unrelated areas such as atomic physics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, high-energy physics, and quantum information processing.