I work in the field of plant immunity, focusing specifically on lignin barriers. Recently, I have been studying lignin barriers formed in response to bacterial and fungal pathogens. I am particularly interested in verifying the presence of lignin as a component of papillae formed in response to fungal pathogens, as well as examining lignin barriers associated with cell death (HR). There is a membrane protein called CASP that mediates lignin barrier formation in roots, and I would like to identify the localization of CASP proteins involved in lignin barrier formation during plant immune responses. Additionally, I aim to demonstrate that lignin barrier formation through intracellular transport processes is mediated by autophagy.