Caragiannis has been a professor at the Department of Computer Science at Aarhus University since August 2020. Before, he was a faculty member at the Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics of the University of Patras. His research interests include the design and analysis of algorithms, economics and computation, and the foundations of machine learning and artificial intelligence. He has published more than 160 papers in conference proceedings, scientific journals, and books and has participated in basic research projects funded by the European Commission and the Greek state.

He regularly serves as a programme committee member at conferences at the interface of theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and economics, such as the ACM Conference on Economics and Computation (EC) and the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI). He was the organiser and programme co-chair of the 14th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory (SAGT 2021). Dr Caragiannis is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM, SIGACT, SIGECOM), the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), and the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS).